Yes. There is an experiment that most kids see in their first year physics class. The instructor shines a bright lamp through a tall, narrow tank of water. The light appears yellowish-white. Then he adds some chloride salts and a bit of silver nitrate. The silver nitrate grabs the chloride ions, creating a precipitate that begins to turn the water turbid. As this progresses, the filtered light will first appear blue (just like the sky), but after a few seconds it will rapidly shift through orange and red before becoming opaque. The lesson here is that increased particle size changes the wavelength that is scattered.
As for Xytrell's question about why there aren't any green stars, the answer can be found on the same bad astronomy blog entry that the black-body radiation graph was lifted from. In short, bodies hot enough to peak their emission in the green portion of the spectrum are also radiating at lots of other wavelengths, and the combination of those wavelengths is interpreted by our (imperfect) human color vision as white.
For the record, this is also why the sun looks white, even though the emission peak is closer to yellow. Our color vision is not perfect (by any means).
Adam